Pigmentation in Cosmetic Dermatology & Skincare Practice

Pigment spots are the third most common request addressed to the skincare specialist. This book provides complete and reliable information to help you build a truly effective and safe program for treating pigmented lesions. The book consists of four parts.The first part describes the nature and mechanisms of pigment formation, both constitutive, fixed genetically, and facultative, caused by internal or external influences. The stages of melanogenesis, the current understanding of melanocyte physiology and melanin functions, and differences in skin types between people of different ethnic groups are discussed in detail. Special attention is given to factors influencing pigmentation: hormones, stress, inflammation, nutrients, and UV. Moreover, "new" factors, such as visible light, infrared radiation, and air pollutants, are discussed clearly and comprehensively. This part concludes with a chapter on the evolution of pigmentation. All this information will give you an in-depth understanding of the nature of pigmentation lesions and, thus, the possibilities of effectively combating them.The second part presents clinical types of dyschromia and describes methods for assessing pigmentation.The third part is devoted to pigmentation prevention and treatment. Modern depigmenting and exfoliating cosmetic products and the dermal targets on which they act are discussed in detail. Also covered are outdated and dangerous ingredients that can still be found on the market. Separate sections are devoted to sunscreens and antioxidants because they are no less critical than bleaching agents for pigmentation lesion treatment. Furthermore, this part discusses the possibilities of physical methods with a detailed description of lasers and IPL devices. These methods allow to target both pigment-producing and pigment-distributing cells of superficial and deep lesions. Injection procedures are also touched upon, their real possibilities and risks, and nutraceuticals for skin lightening with proven effectiveness are named.The last, fourth part, is devoted to treating vitiligo as the most common variant of hypomelanosis. Many different methods and approaches are used for its treatment, which is also relevant for other acquired pathologies associated with loss of pigment or melanocyte function.The book is intended for aestheticians, skincare specialists, dermatologists, aesthetic medicine specialists, medical school students, and all interested persons.